Dirt scraping apparatus



Dec. 11, 1951 DANIELS 2,577,877

DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 2, 1945 I 3 Sheets-Sheet l FIB l- INVENTOR. 60 00 f. DAN/[LS ZZWXM Dec. 11, 1951 G. E. DANIELS DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 60200 E DAN/E15 BY Filed Oct. 2, 1945 Dec. 11, 1951 G. E. DANIELS DIRT SCRAPING APPARATUS 3 Sheet-Sheet 3 Filed 001:. 2, 1945 INVENZUR. GQQDON E. DAN/5L5 Patented Dec. 11, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 11 Claims.

This invention relates to dirt scrapers of the carry-all type wherein a scraper body comprising a scraping blade and a receptacle associated therewith is drawn along the ground. As the blade cuts into the material it directs the latter into the receptacle where it accumulates until the scraper is loaded to capacity.

In scrapers of the above type the scraping blade generally extends the entire width of the scraper so that the blade may be utilized to cut surfaces directly adjacent ledges and banks. Also, in such scrapers the tractive force required to pull the scraper during loading operations is very nearly proportional to the length of the scraper blade for any one type of material to be scraped. Some materials are sufficiently loose in texture to enable the scraper to be easily drawn with the usual tractive devices during scraping operations. However, other material, such as heavy clay soils, tax the ability of the tractive device to draw the scraper. Although this condition could be remedied by reducing the width of the scraper and its blade, any resort to this practice would render the scraper unstable laterally and would reduce the capacity of the scraper, while increasing the power of the tractive device would result in increased cost of equipment and operation.

A primary object of the present invention is to overcome the above mentioned difficulties.

Another object is to reduce the power requirements of a tractive device for a scraper of the above-named type.

A further object is to reduce the tendency of certain scraped materials to adhere to the sides of a material carrying receptacle during discharge of such material.

The manner in which the above and other objects of the invention are accomplished will be readily understood on reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a dirt scraper embodying the present invention and illustrating the auxiliary scraping blade in scraping position.

Fig. 2 is a sectional View in side elevation of the scraper illustrating the same in the same condition as in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view, similar to that of Fig. 1, but partly in section, and illustrating the scraping blade in scraping position.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of part of the scraper, illustrating the same in a dirt discharging condition.

Referring to the drawings, the scraper comprises side frames II secured in spaced relationship by a tubular rear cross member I2, a front cross beam I3 and a lower mold board I4, the latter having a scraping blade I5 suitably secured thereto for the purpose of directing material scraped thereby upwardly into the scraper body, the latter being formed by the side frames II, a rear bowl or receptacle I6 (Fig. 2) and a forward apron or second receptacle I'I.

As shown in Fig. 4 the scraping blade I5 extends the entire width of the scraper whereby the scraper may be utilized to cut banks, ledges, etc. 1

The scraper body is supported at rear thereof by Wheels I8 and at the front thereof by a yoke frame l9 mounted on a truck including steerable wheels 20. p

The scraper is intended to be drawn forwardly (to the right in Figs. 1, 2 and 4) by a suitable tractor or other prime mover connected in any well known manner to the truck or the yok frame I9.

The yoke frame I9 comprises a post 2| suitably connected at the lower end thereof to the truck comprising the wheels 20. The post 2| is integral with a yoke member 2Ia which, in turn, is integral with a tubular cross beam 22 to which are also rigidly fixed two arms 23 extending rearwardly adjacent andoutside of the side walls II of the scraper. These arms terminate in pivotal connections 24 with brackets 25 forming part of the side frames I I.

The forward end of the scraper body is raised and lowered, whereby to vertically adjust the position of the scraper blade I5 relative to the ground, by a cable and sheave arrangement comprising a sheave 26 carried by the front cross beam I3 and a second sheave 21 carried by braces 28 extending upwardly from the tubular cross beam 22 and forming part of a truss for supporting various sheaves in fixed bodily relation with the yoke frame I9.

A cable 30 is suitably anchored at 3| to one of the braces 28 and is reeved several times around the sheave blocks 26 and 21, and then passes over a sheave 32 anchored at the forward end of a beam 33 forming part of the aforementioned truss. The latter beam is fastened at its rear end to the braces 28 and at its forward end to the yoke frame I9. From sheave 32, the cable passes under a sheave 34 suitably anchored to the post 2|, from whence the cable is led to a suitable winch (not shown) driven by the tractor Or other prime mover for the scraper and under control of the scraper operator.

The bowl l6 comprises a frame formed by a cross piece 36 pivotally mounted on a pivot bar 31 fixed to the sides of the scraper directly behind the mold board l4. Integrally attached to the piece 36 are right angled braces I31 located on opposite sides of the scraper, directly adjacent the side frames II. A rear cross piece 38 is fixed to the braces I31, the latter forming an anchor for a flexible combiri'edfloor and baclrfSS, the purpose of which will be explained hereinafter. The floor 39 is, in the present embodiment, formed of a plurality of inter-pivotally connected pieces 40 commercially known as sheet piling.

Means are provided, under control of the scraper operator to locate the bowl Wand-apron I! in different relative positions, necessary .to, carry out different essential operations; The side plates 4! of the apron extendrearwardly and are pivotally connected at 42 to the braces I 31 O -.'1 :TbW ..Theeplete Here els 12 1M.- allv. on te let ate link wh e e iem forwardly and aremounted on coaxially aligned or the Pu s :Q r isin nd e e he th ifl s ewn for rdl the an' mllw a eraise ree ns he t rehe th p retsfi wh le e sing the links 4| about pivots 45, the latter linlrs s rv n ee h tra ni tr rt hi fia apron te er heen a e eu t e; pi

neeft ep e efl 3:1 a e es ueteds b s tanti all y in a straightdine when the, apron is in a l s i sit she h m a eihi hie bf the latter upwardly a small -ampunt will not nrz e eb re the-1 r beW k s n its position illustrated in .Eig.,'2, but asthe apron l1 is raised-a;greater amount the bowl i ill be swung clockwise thereby a; correspondingly greater amount. {lfhe basic pele mlentsandgrelat ns t he --ehe e m n one in er-Tcjdhnecr tions between the reanbowl-anda'pron are, ele ed en ch ii-,ih e ehs fi applies S Ti kN 5 fiq n 1 .9 Natalia since matured into Patent No. 2,425,661, issued on -August 12,).Q$7., Y

Referring-in -.particular the e WHi R-QPQQ E is were b a, ha r of v t q u xt din mate iiIl TP11 t a e tothe apron., -;,An auxiliary mold board 54 (see .Fig. 3 integrally attached to the plates staid the auxiliary scrapingblade li5 will be, positioned considerably below the maimscrapinghlad l5 and it and its mold board 54 will directly overlie i i e s qzs eb mace-sin h s ene a the scraping blade l5. Therefore, when it is desired, because of the texture of the ground or for any other purpose t use the shorter auxiliary blade the apron is lowered to its position illustrated in Fig. 2 by means of the cable 50 while the cable 30 is manipulated to position the scraper body in its relative location illustrated in Fig. 2 wherein the auxiliary blade 55 extends into scraping contact .iwi'th the ground} Nqyv', as the scraper is drawn forwardly onlythe auxiliary blade 55 will become effective to direct material into the scraper and because of its materially shorter length the draw bar pull required will be proportionally smaller.

It will be noted that the closure panel 51 tends to close the.,..onening 56 by virtue of its own weight. However, as dirt is being directed into thdsdreiper body by the blade 55, the panel 51 is raised, for example, indicated by the dot and a hi tes;.ili-her ei hh z hefehtt hseat bed whl rr veht e-th ld tahe ey mi tlee xafe pi eutw rdly ert'h b e e...-e .$11-e eat le? th .reminder 9 th l we pert eh o theePiee laWheh ee 'ube ht allvl les etiti ee sh ov rithet e eled r. e the sc ee s .Phsleti When the Scraper s-rei eet he.=fl..l t.= emel 38 With n-t ese!) be e tth smelt-. .an ci rhle 5 w ll. ees. to. s ilt. yiwesfllil per ttma h nel-to eselemi. remit the re ain pi the di t saihetia h s eadihea the dirt may betransportefl,; frpm one place to ne h hw he t f rt e pilla e.

l'fil d. is..s e.h :;Q..D. m thellenee t leq tli t he z d-e: hen i i flesh?! ele t xee r d e ..b k .led -e' th oli e helentehlll s na el e exem atii he i? n illustrates n; whe inii sh e 5m new-permea es ae h s e eextente it eh e ltyhl eifih opening will beiorme bove,b lade l5 to permit dir to be re dnrwsr iri fi the. h ir de. 57 n th s, condi i .ef. he; urea. he 5 1 1 9 e e is ust d shell t eab s ni s rehma eeh eet'iti h eable q $i r i i il b a a suitab e he shte et ft t -c l s were 922 h am enablin the. e muletedme ial..- li 3 i c rie here a b sent sense e seen tha as; th P ar 5 ea i e: ee-its position illustrated in Figl, 2,-,-to tha illustrated he'hner. ten in aidislodge any e y-m terielelhi hl t9 itssh ieee I a nsthusd er b heii thfih that?! te o, e ure by .Unii $l-.$ ieshetw lleifih hi 1. In a scraping apparatus, the cornb: atipmpj a .seraperhedy ada te .tqvbe. siev @9 28, t und and-. om n e. re e t c e. h vin a opening thereinto receive. material a pairo f ch or said blades being adapted, r9411; ctrinate cr pe t ereb me she eie se said body during forwardmoyement ofaid body one of said blades having a length greate t the. e heoeh m ns Je i s ecti e rheylhsti or aid blades vertically relatively to the other whereby t'o cause'eith'er' of said blades to direct material into said receptacle, during movement of said-body and for rendering the other of said blades-ineffective. V v I 2. In: a scraping apparatus, the combination of ascraper body adapted to be, moved along the ground and comprising a receptacle; a pair of juxtaposed scraping blades, one of said blades being of shorter length than the other, each of said blades being adapted todirect material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body and .means for selectively moving one of said blades vertically relative to the other whereby to position either 01' said blades in contact with the ground to direct material into said receptacle during movement of said body and for positioning the other of said blades out of contact with the ground.

3. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground and comprising a receptacle; a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron associated with said receptacle, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, said second blade being of shorter length than said first mentioned blade, said blade being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body and means for selectively lowering either said body or said apron to position said respective blade in contact with the ground whereby to direct material into said receptacle during movement of said body, said apron being arranged to locate said second blade in juxtaposition with said first mentioned blade when said second blade is positioned to direct material into said receptacle.

4. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground and comprising a receptacle; a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron associated with said receptacle, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, said second blade being of shorter length than said first mentioned blade, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, means for selectively lowering either said body or said apron to position said respective blade in contact with the ground whereby to direct material into said receptacle during movement of said body, said apron being arranged to locate said second blade in juxtaposition with said first mentioned blade when said second blade is positioned to direct material into said receptacle and a closure device freely and pivotally suspended by said apron and overlying said second blade for preventing material from moving out of said receptacle and over said second blade during scraping operations.

5. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, a second scraping blade of different length than said first mentioned blade, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, means for guiding said second blade toward and away from substantially overlapping relation to said first mentioned blade, and means for selectively positioning said second blade in substantially overlapping relation to said first mentioned blade or spaced apart therefrom 6. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron ssociated with said body, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, each of said blades being adapted-to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, and means for selectively positioning said apron with said second blade substantially overlapping said first mentioned blade or with said second blade spaced apart from said first mentioned blade.

7. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron associated with said body, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, one of said blades being of a length shorter than thev other, and means for selectively positioning said apron with said second blade substantially overlapping said first mentioned blade or with said second blade spaced apart from said first mentioned blade.

8. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron associated with said body, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, means for positioning said apron with said second blade substantially overlapping said first mentioned blade, one of said blades being of a length shorter than the other, and said apron having a portion adapted to prevent spilling of scraped material out of said receptacle and over the portion of said first blade not overlapped by said second blade.

9. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, an apron associated with said body, a second scraping blade carried by said apron, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, means for selectively positioning said apron with said second blade subtantially overlapping said first mentioned blade or with said second blade spaced apart from said first mentioned blade, and means carried by said apron for preventing scraped material from moving out of said receptacle and over said second blade.

10. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, an apron associated with said body, a scraping blade carried by said apron and of shorter length than said apron, each of said blades being adapted to direct material scraped thereby into said body during forward movement of said body, and means for selectively positioning said apron with said blade arranged to direct material scraped thereby into said body or with said blade rendered ineffective to engage the ground, said apron having portions adapted to coact with said body to prevent spilling of scraped material out of said receptacle at locations beyond said second blade when said apron is in said first mentioned position.

11. In a scraping apparatus, the combination of a scraper body adapted to be moved along the ground, a scraping blade carried by said body, means for positioning said body to cause said blade to engage the ground, an apron associated with said body, a second scraping blade carried by said apron and of shorter length than said first mentioned blade, each of said blades being zmm sum 2mm 

